Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed substantial psychological pressure on healthcare workers (HCWs), largely due to fear of infection. Understanding the factors associated with this fear is essential for designing effective health promotion interventions. This study aimed to identify determinants of fear of COVID-19 infection among HCWs in Qom Province, Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022 among 385 healthcare workers, including physicians, dentists, nurses, and health specialists. Data were collected using the standard S19-HCPS questionnaire. Fear of COVID-19 infection was considered the primary outcome measure. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, and multiple linear regression analysis was applied to identify significant predictors.
Results: Approximately 50% of participants were male. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that protective behaviors (β=−0.087, P=0.015), attitude toward COVID-19 (β=−0.118, P<0.001), perceived health policies (β=−0.773, P<0.001), and desire to provide patient care (β=−0.114, P<0.001) were significant predictors of fear of COVID-19 infection. These variables collectively explained 66.1% of the variance in fear scores.
Conclusion: Fear of COVID-19 infection remains a significant concern among healthcare workers and may adversely affect their well-being and professional performance. Strengthening supportive health policies, promoting protective behaviors, and addressing attitudinal factors should be prioritized to reduce infection-related fear and enhance mental well-being among HCWs during ongoing and future public health emergencies.