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Health Promot Perspect. 2025;15(1): 3-8.
doi: 10.34172/hpp.025.43529
  Abstract View: 121
  PDF Download: 108

Perspective

Towards attaining universal health coverage in Kazakhstan: Challenges and important next steps

Usman Abubakar Haruna 1,2* ORCID logo, Amos Abimbola Oladunni 3, Abdulafeez Katibi Abdulkadir 4, Abbas Bashir Umar 5, Shuaibu Saidu Musa 6, Elizabeth Oluwatoyin Afolabi 7, Joseph Almazan 2, Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno III 8,9,10

1 Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
2 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine (NUSOM), Astana, Kazakhstan
3 Department of Pharmacy, Afe Babalola University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
4 Department of Public Health, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine (NUSOM), Astana, Kazakhstan
5 Nigerian Ports Authority Medical Centre, Lagos
6 School of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
7 Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
8 Department of Global Health and Development, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
9 Office for Research, Innovation and Extension Services, Southern Leyte State University, Sogod, Southern Leyte, Philippines
10 Center for University Research, University of Makati, Makati City, Philippines
*Corresponding Author: Usman Abubakar Haruna, Email: usmana.haruna22@gmail.com

Abstract

The Alma Ata Declaration (1978) positioned primary healthcare (PHC) as central to universal health coverage (UHC). Post-independence Kazakhstan struggles with a fragmented healthcare system marked by high mortality, underfunding, and workforce shortages. Despite initiatives like “Kazakhstan 2050” and “Salamatty Kazakhstan,” challenges persist: economic instability, unregulated private healthcare, high out-of-pocket costs, and rural disparities. While Kazakhstan achieved a 76% UHC index, advancing PHC quality, expanding health financing, and prioritizing rural access remain critical to achieving equitable UHC.
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Submitted: 05 Aug 2024
Revision: 27 Dec 2024
Accepted: 09 Jan 2025
ePublished: 06 May 2025
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